Specifications include, but are not limited to: The objective of this research is to develop a primer, guide, and tools (e.g., decision tree, flow chart, scorecard) to help airport practitioners evaluate and implement, if appropriate, virtual queuing solutions for managing demand at the security screening checkpoint (see Special Notes A and B). The primer should describe current state of practice, including relevant non-airport examples, types of solutions, benefits, and lessons learned. The guide and tools should allow commercial service airports of all sizes to select virtual queuing solutions for their unique situation and address, at a minimum: Layout of pre-screening and screening areas, including physical constraints and opportunities; Diurnal passenger demand profiles and passenger personas; Interplay of demand and processing rates of downstream and upstream touchpoints; Performance metrics (e.g., time-in-queue, staffing); Technological requirements (e.g., passenger interface); Atypical operating conditions (e.g., loss of power, special events); Impact on customer experience (quantitative and qualitative); ADA-compliance; Potential equity impacts (e.g., disproportionate benefits to higher income users); Stakeholder identification, coordination, and collaboration; Benefit/cost analysis: Potential concession revenue impact (loss or gain), Implementation costs, Operational costs, and Potential direct virtual queue revenue;