1. Review and synthesize domestic information from a variety of sources, and in a variety of diverse geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic settings, regarding: a. Recent changes in the role and function of traffic law enforcement, including policies that restrict or eliminate the use of law enforcement personnel to conduct traffic enforcement. b. Public acceptance and demand for law enforcement officers to enforce traffic laws, including historical information and trends (if the research team finds a lack of existing data for this task, a survey can be considered). c. Traffic safety and other impacts associated with changes in traffic enforcement activities. 2. Gather information from a variety of law enforcement agencies and other stakeholders to assess practices, policies, and challenges related to law enforcement personnel performing traffic safety enforcement duties. 3. Develop a roadmap that provides alternative strategies applicable to a variety of jurisdictions to inform policies regarding the role of law enforcement personnel to conduct traffic safety enforcement. 4. Plan and conduct a workshop (prior to submission of draft final deliverables) to present the proposed roadmap. At least 15 representatives from diverse SHSOs, law enforcement agencies, and social justice advocates should attend. The research team shall revise the draft roadmap taking into account feedback gathered during the workshop.