Specifications include, but are not limited to: Conduct a literature search of available GPS/AVL equipment and technology for winter maintenance. The research should identify different GPS/AVL solutions currently in use by DOTs and other agencies. The search shall identify common system components and system architectures. This shall include but not be limited to: Communications approaches including but not limited to: cellular data, Wi-Fi, and private land mobile radio systems. Data specific to snow and ice operations This may include pavement temperature, plow up/down, application rates, or other snow and ice functions. Data from standard vehicle systems including J1939 bus data or other standard sources in the vehicles being tracked. Interoperability and compatibility with other entities. Public access or internal access to the data. Where these GPS/AVL systems require specific controllers, sensors or other hardware, this should be identified in the report. The search should also focus on policies that DOTs have implemented around the use of GPS/AVL equipment and technology to help achieve their agencys goals. And it should look at the impact of the GPS/AVL technology on agencies including addressing the pros and cons of various systems for agencies in different geographical environments (urban vs. rural, mountainous, etc).