Specifications include, but are not limited to: The University of Colorado Denver, Office of Laboratory Animal Resources and the University of Colorado Boulder, Office of Animal Resources, are each responsible for the care and use of research animals in the University of Colorado system. To ensure animal health, a rodent health monitoring program is utilized to monitor the disease status of the colony from a herd health perspective. Both direct (sampling of colony animals) and indirect (soiled bedding sentinels, IVC exhaust debris, system water debris) surveillance paradigms are used to test for the presence, exposure, or infection of pathogens. A combination of these testing methods are the new industry standard in animal research.