Specifications include, but are not limited to: 4.2.1.Identify the state of the practice in the stabilization of edge-of-pavement buildup using millings and a combination of seeding and millings practices. Include, at a minimum:4.2.1.1.Identify ADOT practices relevant to seeding and millingand federal and Arizona requirements, guidance, and/or specifications governing these practices and the factors affecting successful and less-than-successful outcomes.4.2.1.2.Identify relevant seeding practices from three states with biotic communities comparable to Arizona (desert scrub, grassland, and scrub or woodland formations per Brown and Lowe, 1994), such as California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and/or Colorado.4.2.1.3.Identify relevant practices using compacted millings for edge-of-pavement buildup from three states that may or may not be those selected for seeding practices.4.2.1.4.Select and summarize recent literature that informs this research.4.2.2.Select sites best suited to test soil stabilization techniques for shoulder treatments:4.2.2.1.Develop and apply criteria to select one to two test sites within each of the three Arizona biotic communities.4.2.2.2.At each selected site, test soil stabilization techniques. Techniques to be testedwill include, at a minimum:4.2.2.3.ADOT’s current regimen for seeding shoulder buildup areas per Class II Seeding.4.2.2.4.A regimen based on ADOT’s current procedures for using compacted millings without seeding.4.2.2.5.A regimen that uses seeding and compacted millings insome manner. 4.2.3.Laboratory testing of the underlying soil to include the following:4.2.3.1.Biological viability (seed germination) test4.2.3.2.Organic content4.2.3.3.Major and minor nutrients4.2.3.4.Herbicide content