Specifications include, but are not limited to: The primary objective of this research study is three-fold: (1) learn from the experiences of states where bicycle-related activities have influenced or stimulated economic progress in rural communities; (2) document ADOT’s policies, practices, and guidelines relevant to bicycling; and (3) collect current data on the economic contribution of bicycling activities/events to the Greater Arizona economy. 4.2.1. Conduct a review of literature on providing bicycling information or support to rural communities and synthesize the impact to rural economies by identifying factors that facilitated or inhibited economic progress, challenges that were overcome, and the role of the state DOT and other organizations. 4.2.2. Document ADOT’s current policies, practices, and guidelines relevant to bicycling, such as those involving the issuance of permits for bicycling events, rumble strip, signage, etc. Discuss how these policies and practices impact bicycling as a non-motorized mode of transportation as well as for recreational purposes. 4.2.3. Develop an inventory of bicycle-related events in Greater Arizona. The inventory shall be categorized by type of event (e.g., races, organized tours by bicycles, organized training camps for event participants and teams) and include, at a minimum, locations, frequency, duration, attendance, and participants’ demographics. 4.2.4. Quantify the economic contribution of bicycle-related activities/events to the Greater Arizona economy by type (e.g., race, tours, camps, etc.), duration (e.g., single- versus multiple day-event), and participant type (e.g., out-of-state, local, in-state). All materials that will be used in data collection involving contact with any element of the public (individuals, businesses, community, etc.) must be available in both English and Spanish from a certified translation service.