Specifications include, but are not limited to: Interested facility-based teams should consider approaches that involve three known stages of intervention relevant to NOWS: 1) prenatal care/pregnancy; 2) post-delivery/inpatient care; and 3) the post-discharge/postpartum/neonatal period. In accordance with literature on improved outcomes associated with NOWS (review key references below), team aims may include attention to: Prenatal care/pregnancy: Screening of pregnant women using evidence-based screening tools for OUD, starting at first prenatal appointment Timely, effective referral of impacted women and families to medication-assisted treatment and behavioral health care during pregnancy, with continuing support of adherence and integrated mental health services Provision of same-day, co-located behavioral health and prenatal care Provision of social support to facilitate access to treatment (e.g., peer recovery coaches, childcare, transportation) Post-childbirth/inpatient care: Implementation of evidence-based protocols for identification and management of neonatal opioid withdrawal outside of the neonatal intensive care unit when safe Facilitation of “rooming-in” for eligible women and infants Practices and protocols that improve breastfeeding rates in eligible affected populations Facilitation of early initiation of skin-to-skin contact after birth Provision of bedside psychotherapy/mental health services to women after birth Management of infants in need of pharmacologic intervention with specific medications and consistent protocols in accordance with up-to-date literature Postpartum/neonatal period: Optimizing number of infants discharged to biological family when safe Provision of early intervention referral prior to hospital discharge Support of interdisciplinary post-discharge follow up and support with early intervention services, tailored outpatient pediatric care, and maternal primary care/ continuing treatment of opioid use disorders.