Specifications include, but are not limited to: The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) recommends that SRTS efforts be comprehensive in nature and incorporate, either directly or indirectly, the following five components often referred to as the “5 E’s”: Engineering: creating operational and physical improvements to the infrastructure surrounding schools that reduce speeds and potential conflicts with motor vehicle traffic, and establish safer and fully accessible crossings, walkways, trails and bikeways. Education: teaching children about the broad range of transportation choices, instructing them in important lifelong bicycling and walking safety skills, and launching driver safety campaigns in the vicinity of schools. Enforcement: partnering with local law enforcement to ensure traffic laws are obeyed in the vicinity of schools (this includes enforcement of speeds, stopping for pedestrians in crossings, and proper walking and bicycling behaviors), and initiating community enforcement such as crossing guard programs. Encouragement: using events and activities to promote walking and bicycling. Evaluation: monitoring and documenting outcomes and trends through the collection of data, including the collection of data before and after the intervention(s).